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NAMES
OF THE PROPHET 
Do you Know that the Prophet (SAW)
has been called by many names and titles in the Qur'ân and Sunnah,
each one of them describing a special quality of this exalted
personality. And in understanding them and reflecting upon them, we
can, by the permission of Allaah, increase in our love and following
of the Messenger of Allaah (SAW). This discussion is taken from
‘Zaad al-Ma`aad’ (1/88-97) of Ibn al-Qayyim, Rahimahullaah,
summarized
The names of
the Prophet (SAW) are of two types:
1.Those names that
are specific to him and none of the Messengers before him had these
names, like Muhammad, Ahmad, al-Aaqib,
al-Haashir, al-Muqaffee and Nabi al-Malhama.
2.Those names and
qualities that are not specific to him, and were shared by the
Messengers before him, but are found in him in the most complete and
perfect forms. Like: Messenger of Allaah,
His Prophet, His Servant, Prophet of Mercy etc.
What follows is an explanation
of some of them.
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Muhammad:
is a passive participle, whosoever is praised, possessing many
praiseworthy qualities then he is Muhammad.
And Muhammad (SAW) is praised more than any other person, and this
is why - and Allaah knows best - he was called by this name in the
Torah, due to the many praiseworthy qualities which he, his
religion, and his nation possess such that even Moses (a.s) wished
that he would be from them. |
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Ahmad:
Derived, as is Muhammad, from the noun hamd (praise). A group of
scholars said that it is a passive participle, meaning: his praising
of Allaah is more than any other person’s praise of Him, and
therefore he is the most deserving of being praised and the first.
So in meaning Ahmad is similar to Muhammad except that the
distinction is that he is Muhammad due to his possessing many
praiseworthy qualities, and he is Ahmad due to his being praised in
a more excellent way than the praise of any other. And this is the
most complete meaning of this word, and the most extensive in
commending him (SAW). |
Also these two names stem from
his character and the praiseworthy qualities that are specific to
him, and it is because of these that he is called Muhammad (SAW) and
Ahmad. And he is the one who is praised by the People of the Heaven,
the People of the earth, the People of the world and the People of
the Hereafter.
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Al-Mutawakkil:
(The One who puts his trust in Allaah). In the Saheeh of Bukhaaree
from the Ahaadeeth of Abdullaah bin Umar (radiallaahu'anhu) who said,
"I
read the description of the Prophet (SAW) in the Torah: Muhammad is
Messenger of Allaah, My servant and Messenger, I have called him
al-Mutawakkil. He is neither rude nor harsh and he does not shout in
the markets, and he does not return an evil for an evil, rather he
overlooks and forgives. And I will not make him to die until I make
firm the nation through him, causing them to say: there is none
worthy of worship except Allaah." {Related by
Bukhaaree in chapter dealing with the Tafseer of Soorah Fath.}
He (S.A.W.S) is the most deserving
of this name, because the trust he put in Allaah to establish the
religion was a trust unequalled by any other.
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Al-Maahee:
(the destroyer/effacer). This has been explained in the Ahaadeeth of
Jubair bin Mut`am: "al-Maahee: the one
through whom Allaah destroys and effaces unbelief." {The
full Ahaadeeth is, "I am Muhammad, and I
am Ahmad, and I am al-Maahee through whom Allaah effaces disbelief,
and I am al-Haashir through who the people are gathered at my feet,
and al-Aaqib after whom there is no Prophet." Related by
Bukhaaree in the chapter dealing with the Tafseer of Soorah Saff}
Disbelief was not destroyed and
removed by any single person as completely as was done by the
Prophet (S.A.W.S) For indeed he was sent, and all of the inhabitants of
the earth were in disbelief, except for some remnants of the People
of the Book. They consisted of the worshippers of idols, the Jews
who had the Anger of Allaah on them, the Christians who had been
misguided, the Atheist, Saabi`een, the worshippers of the stars and
the fire, and the philosophers who did not acknowledge the laws of
the Prophets. And Allaah effaced them all through His Messenger
until He established His religion and made it supreme over all
others, and made it spread to the extent that the night and day
spreads, and made his call as the rays of the sun in the various
lands.
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Al-Haashir:
(the Gatherer). He is the one who gathered and united the
people at his feet, and therefore it was as if he had been sent for
this purpose.
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Al-Aaqib:
(The One who comes Last). He is the one who came at the end
of the line of Prophets, and there is no prophet after him.
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Al-Muqaffee:
(The Last). He is the one who was sent with the characteristics of
the Messengers who had preceded him, and was their seal.
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Nabi at-Tawba: (the Prophet of Repentance). It was by him that
Allaah opened the door of repentance for the inhabitants of the
earth [by them accepting his message], and Allaah forgave them with
a forgiveness that was not given to the people before him.
{ For example, a person who enters Islaam shall have all his sins
forgiven provided he does not persist in them while he is a Muslim.}
And the Prophet (S.A.W.S) was the
one who sought forgiveness from Allaah the most, to the extent that
he would say, "My Lord forgive me and
turn toward me, You are The Oft-Forgiving, The Oft-Returning"
{Related by at-Tirmidhee in the chapter of Du'aa (no.3430) and it
is Saheeh}, 100 times in a single sitting. And he used to say, "O
people repent to Allaah, your Lord, for indeed I repent to Allaah
100 times in a day". {Related by Muslim in the
chapter of Dhikr and Du'aa.}
And likewise the repentance of
his (S.A.W.S) nation is more complete than the repentance of all the
other nations, the most quickest in being answered, and the easiest
to be obtained. For the repentance of the previous nations was of
the most difficult matters, to the extent that the repentance for
the worshippers of the cow amongst the People of Israa`eel was to
kill those worshippers. {See Qur'ân Soorah Baqarah (2:54)}
But as for this nation, then from the Kindness of Allaah {SWT} to it
is that he has made repentance dependant upon sorrow and abstaining
(from the sin in question).
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Nabi al-Malhama: (The Prophet of Slaughter). He was the one
who was sent with Jihaad to the enemies of Allaah, and no prophet
before him did Jihaad to the extent that the Messenger of Allaah
(S.A.W.S) and his nation fought Jihaad. And the like of the large wars
that took place between him and the disbelievers were not seen
before him. For his nation fought the disbelievers in lands to the
ends of the earth.
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Nabi Ar-Rahmaan:
(The Prophet of Mercy). He was the one whom Allaah sent as a Mercy
for the universe. And Allaah was Merciful to all the people of the
earth through him, both the believers and the disbelievers.
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Al-Faatih:
(the opener/conqueror). It was through him that Allaah opened
the door of guidance after it had been closed, and opened closed
eyes, deaf ears and sealed hearts. And through him Allaah conquered
the lands of the disbelievers, opened the doors of Paradise, and
opened through him the ways of acquiring beneficial knowledge and
righteous actions. And He opened through him both the doors of this
world and the Hereafter.
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Al-Ameen:
(the Trustworthy). He is the most deserving out of all
creation for this name. For he is the trustee of Allaah of His
revelation and religion. And he is the trusted one in the Heaven and
in the earth. And this is why he was called al-Ameen before his
Prophethood.
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Al-Basheer:
(the Bearer of glad tidings). He is the bearer of glad tidings for
the one who obeys him of reward, and he is the Warner (An-Nadheer)
of the one who disobeys him of punishment.
And Allaah called him his
servant (Abd) in many places in
His Book for example, ‘Blessed be He who
revealed the Furqaan to His servant’. {Qur'ân
(25:1)}
It is established that he (S.A.W.S)
said, "I am the Master
(Sayyid) of the children of
Aadam [on the Day of Judgement] and I am not being arrogant."
{Related by at-Tirmidhee in the chapter ‘Excellence of the
Prophet’ (no.3618) and it is Saheeh.}
And Allaah called him an
Illuminating Lamp (Siraaj Muneer).
And all praise is due to Allaah, and peace and blessings be upon His
Messenger.
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